Photographer/writer. Born in 1972. Grew up in an industrial area as a playground. His books include "Factory Moe" (co-authored with Ishii Satoshi, 2007), "Contemplation of the Housing Complex" (2008), "Thinking from the Shopping Mall" (co-authored with Azuma Hiroki, 2016), "Multi-level Intersection" (2019), and "New Photography Theory" (2020). Twitter: @sohsai
Hikari Izumi
Parkour athlete. He started parkour in high school and returned to Japan in the spring of 2018 after studying abroad in Los Angeles. He is currently based in Tokyo and continues to work around the world, including winning gold medals at international competitions. He also appears in web commercials and music videos for other artists, and is attracting attention as the person closest to mastering parkour in the TBS show "KUNOICHI." https://www.parkourhikari.info/jpn-home
Akira Morishita
After graduating from university, he worked for a temporary construction equipment manufacturer for 20 years. In addition to selling temporary construction equipment, he was also involved in supporting clients in setting up new departments as a sales manager. He is currently working as sales department for ASNOVA Co., Ltd., a company that rents and sells temporary construction equipment, where he is taking on the challenge of formulating sales strategies and creating new services. https://www.asnova.co.jp/
Scaffolding is fascinating. I've always felt that way, but I've never really thought about how it is so. Let's take a serious look at scaffolding here. Together with parkour athletes and scaffolding experts, we visited the renovation site of Yokohama Marine Tower.
Photographer/writer. Born in 1972. Grew up in an industrial area as a playground. His books include "Factory Moe" (co-authored with Ishii Satoshi, 2007), "Contemplation of the Housing Complex" (2008), "Thinking from the Shopping Mall" (co-authored with Azuma Hiroki, 2016), "Multi-level Intersection" (2019), and "New Photography Theory" (2020). Twitter: @sohsai
Hikari Izumi
Parkour athlete. He started parkour in high school and returned to Japan in the spring of 2018 after studying abroad in Los Angeles. He is currently based in Tokyo and continues to work around the world, including winning gold medals at international competitions. He also appears in web commercials and music videos for other artists, and is attracting attention as the person closest to mastering parkour in the TBS show "KUNOICHI." https://www.parkourhikari.info/jpn-home
Akira Morishita
After graduating from university, he worked for a temporary construction equipment manufacturer for 20 years. In addition to selling temporary construction equipment, he was also involved in supporting clients in setting up new departments as a sales manager. He is currently working as sales department for ASNOVA Co., Ltd., a company that rents and sells temporary construction equipment, where he is taking on the challenge of formulating sales strategies and creating new services. https://www.asnova.co.jp/
What happens to Spider-Man's spider silk?
Scaffolding has been put up at Yokohama Marine Tower for renovation work. It is a dozen meters above ground. Normally, without scaffolding, it would be impossible to stand in this location. The structure of the Marine Tower is made up of thick steel beams with round rivets on either side, and the olive brown interior. Stretched all around this is scaffolding. (Photo: Oyama)
What happens to Spider-Man's web after it's been fired? Does it stay that way forever? That's fine if the web wraps around a villain's body (maybe not), but if the web sticks to the exterior wall of a building and stays there, that's a serious problem. The web is pretty strong, so it must be hard to remove. I can only imagine how hard it must be for those who clean the exterior walls of Manhattan buildings. There must be a special detergent for Spider-Man, like a spider web remover called "Spider Web Perfect Off." Or something like "Mild cleansing that's gentle on exterior walls. Can be used with wet hands."
You may be wondering what I'm talking about. It's about scaffolding. The other day, I visited Yokohama Marine Tower, which was undergoing renovation work, and was shown scaffolding in detail. At that time, I suddenly thought," Scaffolding resembles spiderman's spider web." Even if I tell you that, you're probably still wondering what I'm talking about. I'll explain it step by step, so please follow me.
I admired scaffolding while listening to explanations from the construction workers. It was so much fun! (Photo: Sakai)
I have always been fascinated by scaffolding. Many of my acquaintances are also scaffolding lovers. When I say" Scaffolding is great," all my friends respond with "Yeah, right," so I felt like the hobby of "Scaffolding "was common sense, but if you think about it objectively, that's not the case. Is this what they mean when they say that your perspective narrows when you interact with a community that shares the same values? It's the so-called "filter bubble." Because all my acquaintances understood without me having to explain it, I had never seriously thought about "what is the appeal of Scaffolding?" So this time, I decided to take a look at actual scaffolding and try to put it into words. That's why I visited Yokohama Marine Tower.
Construction of Marine Tower to completely repaint
Anyway, let me first explain about the construction of Yokohama Marine Tower, which I had the opportunity to visit this time.
Yokohama Marine Tower, standing next to Yamashita Park, was completed in 1961 to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the opening of Yokohama Port. It is a cute tower with a 10-sided observation deck. It is 106 meters high and functioned as a lighthouse as well as an observation deck. It no longer serves as a lighthouse and is now used primarily as a viewing platform, for events and as a commercial facility. The tower is currently undergoing renovation work, and we were shown the progress. It originally belonged to a private business operator, but was acquired by Yokohama City in 2007, and after renovation work by the city, it was reopened in May 2009.
The Marine Tower at the time of the interview. It is attractively surrounded by scaffolding. 3/4 of scaffolding has been completed. The tower tapers towards the top. This time, we visited only the lowest level, which is about 1/4 of the total. (Photo: Oyama)
Scaffolding is lifted and assembled using a 100-ton crane. If you think about it, the work of assembling scaffolding itself is done on scaffolding. (Photo: Oyama)
This Marine Tower is currently closed. In addition to renovating the facility, they are also repainting the exterior. "Since its construction, we have managed to get by by adding more paint on top of the damaged surface, but we have found that the base has reached its limit. The paint has become too thick and is in danger of peeling off, so we will remove it all and repaint it," said the Yokohama Tourism Bureau. Unlike a secret sauce used by an eel restaurant, paint does not gain value by being added to since the restaurant opened. It will be a major undertaking, as they will be repainting the entire structure that supports the tower. It is scheduled to reopen in 2022. At the time of writing, the scaffolding was still being scaffolding.
From the top of scaffolding, you can get a good view of Yamashita Park and the harbor beyond. (Photo: Oyama)
The heavy make-up that has been applied for nearly 60 years since 1961 is reaching its limit. If you stand on scaffolding and look closely, you can see the condition of the building. (Photo: Oyama)
The work of setting up scaffolding itself is carried out on top of scaffolding.
Oyama
Hikari Izumi = Spider-Man
Even so, I was shown around by Yokohama city officials and Watanabe Gumi, the construction company, and they probably never imagined that someone would come to see the world-famous Marine Tower, saying, "I want to see Scaffolding!" There are plenty of construction sites with scaffolding all over Japan, so why Yokohama Marine Tower?
If you look at the photos, you'll understand why. Firstly, scaffolding hung from a tower is quite unusual. Secondly, I've never seen Scaffolding built into a cylindrical structure before. I've covered many construction sites, so I'm more used to Scaffolding than the average person. But I'd never seen a circular Scaffolding like the one I saw this time. It was incredibly cool. I was excited.
We can see that a circular scaffolding has been set up around the tower structure. This is the topmost area that we climbed this time. It is about 20m above the ground. (Photo: Oyama)
Naturally, the scaffolding materials used are normal straight ones. As a result, scaffolding space with a curved polygonal shape like this is created. I have never seen scaffolding like this before. (Photo: Oyama)
I was delighted at this, but I think that the Watanabe team, who were actually building scaffolding, were a little worried about guiding an amateur like me to a somewhat unusual site.
In the explanation beforehand, I was told, "There are some 'grab brackets' that would normally be tightly assembled, so please be careful." I'm not good at sports to begin with, and in an excited state, it's very dangerous for me.
In this way, the normally sturdy scaffolding is placed at an angle. Be careful not to get carried away and trip. (Photo: Oyama)
Even if you're not, you need to be careful when walking on scaffolding. Be careful not to get carried away. (Photo: Sakai)
The stairs are like this. Naturally, scaffolding stairs are not as comfortable as stairs in a normal building. They feel more like a ladder. (Photo: Oyama)
However, there was one person who, like me, was a construction site novice, but who was completely safe.
That person is the "guest" of this interview, parkour athlete Hikari Izumi. It's the cool parkour where you jump and run through buildings and walls using only your body without using any equipment. Many people may have learned about her from Luc Besson's movie "YAMAKASI."
Hikari Izumi having fun in a tower structure that is perfect for parkour (I was so engrossed in taking photos of scaffolding that I forgot to take a decent photo of Hikari Izumi. Sorry.) (Photo: Sakai)
I was a bit scared and hesitant, but Izumi-san was able to move with ease. As expected. (Photo: Oyama)
Why did you come, Ms. Izumi?
This is because I thought that it would not be a good article if I, scaffolding enthusiast, were to simply write down my impressions. As I mentioned earlier, it could easily become an insider's story for fellow enthusiasts. A proper "observer" is needed. That is why the editor of this article chose Izumi-san.
This was a really wonderful choice. I didn't want someone with the same "scaffolding hobby" as me, but I also didn't want someone who didn't understand (it would be boring for the person). I wanted someone who understood me well. She was the perfect person for this luxurious request. I heard that her father worked in the construction industry, and scaffolding was something she was used to seeing. The most interesting thing was when she explained, "We put together single-tube pipes for practice." As I'm writing this, I'm thinking that she 's much more used scaffolding than I am. Anyway, this time I was able to look at scaffolding through Izumi's eyes with a fresh feeling. The result was the discovery I mentioned at the beginning, that" scaffolding is like Spiderman's spider web." And at the same time, I thought, "Izumi is Spiderman."
I was surprised to hear him say, "We assemble single-tube pipes for practice." I was also very impressed when he emphasized, "Safety is the most important thing for both construction workers and parkour." I was really glad that Izumi-san accompanied me. (Photo: Sakai-san)
We assemble single-tube pipes for practice. Safety is the most important thing for both construction workers and parkour.
Izumi
Seeing the city through your body
To explain the "Ms. Izumi = Spider-Man theory," I'd like to take a slight detour.
I am a photographer who specializes in taking photos of buildings. In particular, I have taken photos of civil engineering structures and construction sites. I have even published a photo book called "Factory Moe." When I was a student, I studied urban design.
I have always been interested in "how to see a city." By taking photographs, I can "see" structures that cannot be seen with the naked eye.
I often hear people lament that many people are so caught up in taking photos that they don't really look at the beautiful scenery they see. This is the old idea that cameras and smartphones spoil what you can see.
This is a big mistake. You can see better through a photograph. The reason I once admired architects and have always respected them is because they have their own unique eyes that allow them to see the city. The landscape that architects see is different from ours. Perhaps in the same way, illustrators discover landscapes by drawing, and poets discover landscapes by writing. Their hands and words are in a sense a "third eye." And for parkour athletes, I think their bodies are their "eyes."
(Photo: Ms. Sakai)
It was impressive to see Izumi touching the steel beams and scaffolding, and experiencing Scaffolding in various positions that I would never take. (Photo: Mr. Oyama)
Ms. Izumi was not a particularly talkative person, but watching her movements, I realized that she was "looking" at the Marine Tower, on which scaffolding was set up. The slight movements of her hands and feet, and the way she put her weight on it, were completely different from other people, including me. It was as if she was admiring the surface of scaffolding and the structure. When I said this, Izumi-san nodded and explained, "For example, when I jump, I check the surface with the soles of my shoes."
That's right. They are skilled not only at reading the shape and height of structures, but also at reading textures. Photography is also a tool for "seeing surfaces," but Izumi and his team do it using their bodies. I felt envious. Realizing this feeling was the biggest thing I gained from this trip. For me, who has had difficulty moving my body since childhood and has recently been suffering from frozen shoulder, there is nothing more remote from parkour, but in fact we shared the common ground of "seeing the city."
In addition to the outer perimeter of the structure, scaffolding is also set up on the inside of the structure. That is where we are all standing. Of course, this is not a place where you can stand without scaffolding. (Photo by Oyama)
What was striking was that the scaffolding boards hung on the inside of the structure were made of wood. "This is because it is easy to process the material during assembly." (Photo: Mr. Oyama)
When I looked closely after being told what to do, I realized that scaffolding was standing using the structure of the tower. This is another point that makes it different from an ordinary building. In the end, the considerable weight of scaffolding will be leaning against the tower, and structural calculations are made to see if it can withstand that weight before scaffolding is assembled. (Two photos by Mr. Oyama)
As you can see in the photo, the Marine Tower is different from ordinary buildings in that it is not covered by an exterior wall, but rather has an exposed steel structure. When scaffolding is set up, a scene emerges in which it is difficult to tell at first glance which is Scaffolding tower structure and which is the scaffolding. This was extremely interesting. It is as if another tower has appeared on the outside of the tower. However, if you look closely, you will see that the tower structure and scaffolding are of course completely different. Obviously, the tower's steel frame is not designed for people to walk on it. Therefore, it has no flat surfaces and is not of human scale. When I realized this, I made a discovery. The appeal of scaffolding is that it breaks down a structure into a human scale. This is the conclusion of this article.
The appeal of scaffolding is that it breaks down structures to a human scale.
Oyama
scaffolding is Spiderman's spider web.
Even if a structure is meant for people to carry out their activities, its appearance from the outside often deviates from the human scale. The interior spaces of apartments and office buildings are made to match the human scale, but the exteriors are not. This is especially true when most of the space between the lowest part and the observation deck, like the Marine Tower, is unrelated to human size. The function of a lighthouse is unrelated to the size of the human body, so when viewed from below, it just looks "big." However, as soon as scaffolding is put up, a comparison is made with the size of a human. Scaffolding is like a ruler placed on a structure. The way the structure looks changes all at once. Perhaps architects can grasp the size in the same way even without scaffolding.
What parkour athletes do is to bring back into their bodies buildings and cities that have deviated from the human scale. Even without scaffolding, Ms. Izumi can probably move freely between the steel frames of the structure. He must be looking at the view, looking at the distance of the steel frames and thinking, "I can jump from here to there." That is a different way of looking at structures than I, or an architect. In fact, he looked a little excited as he touched the steel frames, so when I asked him, "Do you want to climb the steel frames?" he smiled and said, "I want to jump!" Of course, it is not permitted, but I would like to see Izumi's heroic figure flying around inside the structure of the Marine Tower without scaffolding. I thought that his actions were, to put it dramatically, a kind of "architectural criticism."
Now, finally, to the story of Spider-Man mentioned at the beginning. I have always thought that Spider-Man comics and movies are excellent "urban commentary". In movies and dramas set in Manhattan, there are always scenes that show the city from above. When I went there, I realized that the city can only be fully understood when seen from a high place. When walking on the ground, it feels like you are at the bottom of a deep valley, and it is difficult to imagine the whole city. The city is laid out in a grid pattern, so the street shapes are uniform. Of course, there are buildings of various designs, but they are all so tall that it is difficult to see them from ground level.
When people hear the word Manhattan, the image that comes to mind is of a view from afar across the Hudson River or the East River, or perhaps an aerial shot. In short, it is a city with so many tall buildings packed together that it is difficult to understand unless you look at it from a distance. To maintain distance while in the city, you have to go up into the sky. That is Spider-Man's perspective. In other words, Spider-Man's perspective and actions well represent the kind of city New York is. That is why I call Spider-Man works "urban critiques."
Architect Jin Johannes also wrote a review of the 2007 film Spider-Man 3 entitled "Spider-Man is an Architect!", saying, "The depiction of the 'moving city' through the perspective of the parabolic arc of spider webs is wonderful. You could even say that it is a technique that creates a new theory of Manhattan's city... In that sense, this is a masterpiece that can be said to be the essence of my origin as an architect."
Scaffolding is Spider-Man's spider web. And Ms. Izumi uses his own limbs as scaffolding to jump and "see" the buildings and the city. That is what it means for "Ms. Izumi = Spider-Man."
*Jean Johannes, "Spiderman is an Architect!", Detail Japan special edition "Film Discovery!", Reed Business Information Co., Ltd., 2008, p. 44
The depiction of the "moving city" through the parabolic lines of spider silk is wonderful.
Jin Johannes
The appeal of "everything is the same"
There's still a lot I want to write, but I must wrap it up now.
I would like to briefly tell you two more "charms of scaffolding" that I noticed this time.
One is that "it looks so cool, but it will disappear when it is completed"- in other words, "it is temporary." And the other is "it is standardized."
I am someone who is strongly attracted to things that are all the same, which may be why I found scaffolding so appealing.
As I wrote earlier, the most important thing to consider during this interview was safety. This is the top priority not only during interviews, but for all construction work.
No matter what construction site you go to, you will always find safety bulletin boards and posters that check and warn about work safety.
"Standardized Scaffolding is very important for safety," said Mr. Morishita, Sales Department at ASNOVA, who accompanied me on this interview, and I was deeply moved by what he said.
ASNOVA's Sales Department Mr. Morishita, and me. Mr. Morishita's talk was very interesting, and I wanted to talk to him again at another time about the various aspects of scaffolding. (Photo: Ms. Sakai)
Legally, there are also descriptions in construction specifications that say, "This type of scaffolding must be assembled in this way." This is achieved through standards.
I think that "standardization" is the greatest invention in the history of mankind. The mass production system that makes many identical things is admirable. However, in general, "everything being the same" is sometimes looked down upon. For example, when praising a craft, you might say, "Each piece has a different expression that mass-produced products don't have." I think that they don't understand anything. What's amazing about craftsmen is that they can make "exactly the same thing," which is impossible to achieve on a mass production line. Everyone should be more aware of the engineering difficulties of "variability" and "yield."
Because scaffolding is standardized, craftsmen can work safely, and thanks to that we can use the buildings. Another thing I thought was that because all scaffolding is the same, it can be reused at various construction sites. I said I would like to know the history of scaffolding we are currently riding on, and what kind of buildings it has been involved in, and Mr. Morishita laughed and said, "That's interesting."
By the way, Spider-Man's spider web is fired from a homemade device called a "web shooter." It is not the product of special abilities, but the result of technology. In this respect, it is similar to scaffolding. Scaffolding is standardized from many years of experience and is made to be as easy and safe as possible to assemble. It may look simple, but it is the crystallization of technology. It is not something that is assembled by magic, but rather requires human labor. When I went to cover the Yokohama Marine Tower this time, three-quarters of scaffolding had been completed. It takes three months just to assemble scaffolding. I have visited many construction sites, and what impresses me every time is the arrangement for the work. Scaffolding is probably the best example of this. Assembling scaffolding is not the goal. It is a means. To do this, we draw up blueprints, check for safety, and proceed carefully. I sincerely hope that everyone stays safe.
Oh, by the way, I just checked, and it seems that Spider-Man's spider web dissolves two hours after it is fired. I'm relieved that I don't have to clean the exterior walls. The spider web was also "temporary". scaffolding and Spider-Man's spider web look just like each other.
I would like to tell you about the "charms of scaffolding" that I noticed this time. One is that "it looks so cool, but it disappears when the work is completed." In other words, it is "temporary." And the other is "it is standardized."
Oyama
With Yokohama Marine Tower in the background
After the interview, we went to a park where Izumi often practices and had her jump with the Marine Tower in the background. So cool! (3 photos by Oyama)
People who cooperated with the interview
Yokohama City Cultural and Tourism Bureau Tourism Promotion Division
Yokohama City Building Bureau, Public Buildings Department, Facilities Improvement Division
Nikken Sekkei Ltd.
Nikken Sekkei Construction Management Co., Ltd.
Watanabe Gumi Co., Ltd.
All the workers on-site
Thank you very much.
Yokohama Marine Tower is currently closed, but a light-up event is planned for the near future. Be sure to go and see the shining scaffolding.
What is "POP UP SOCIETY"?
"POP UP SOCIETY" is an irregularly published magazine that ASNOVA ran from March 2020 to March 2022 with the aim of getting the general public interested in the industry and contributing to the mid-to-long term shortage of young talent in the temporary construction industry. It introduces unique and experimental initiatives from Japan and abroad through interviews with people and companies, experience reports, and more, focusing on temporary construction.